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Citric acid and EGCG at their minimum inhibitory concentrations were tested in this study. Logarithmic phase cells of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (ATCC 43895) were exposed to EGCG and citric acid respectively. The results of RT-real time PCR showed that both EGCG and citric acid increased stx2 and oxyR expression and decreased stx1, recA and Q expression. The result of Western blotting for RecA protein further indicated that both EGCG and citric acid decreased RecA production. Both EGCG and citric acid increased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species and H 2 O 2 production and decreased superoxide dismutase activity. Therefore, EGCG and citric acid might induce stx2 production by increasing oxidative stress response and inhibit stx1 production by suppressing SOS response. In our study, the differential effects of the two antimicrobials were observed. EGCG reduced ompC and rpoS expression. However, citric acid caused an increase in ompC and rpoS expression. Membrane permeability is associated with toxin release. Citric acid increased the outer membrane permeability of E. coli O157:H7. However, the outer membrane of E. coli O157:H7 remained unaffected by EGCG.

Significance and Impact of the Study: Shiga toxins are the major virulence factors of Escherichia coli O157:H7. The use of antimicrobials triggering Shiga toxin production is controversial. (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) citric acid are often used singly or in combination to prevent micro-organisms in some food products. This study evaluated toxin induction in E. coli O157:H7 in response to EGCG and citric acid and investigated the potential mechanism of action. The findings may contribute to the proper use of EGCG and citric acid as antimicrobials.

Titel:	Influences of epigallocatechin gallate and citric acid on Escherichia coli O157:H7 toxin gene expression and virulence-associated stress response.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Yang, J ; Tang, CB ; Xiao, J ; Du, WF ; Li, R
Zeitschrift:	Letters in applied microbiology, Jg. 67 (2018-11-01), Heft 5, S. 435-441
Veröffentlichung:	2023- : Oxford : Oxford University Press ; <i>Original Publication</i>: Oxford, UK : Published for the Society for Applied Bacteriology by Blackwell Scientific Publications, [c1985-, 2018
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1472-765X (electronic)
DOI:	10.1111/lam.13058
Schlagwort:	Animals Bacterial Proteins biosynthesis Catechin pharmacology Escherichia coli O157 genetics Escherichia coli O157 pathogenicity Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial drug effects Microbial Sensitivity Tests Porins biosynthesis Rec A Recombinases biosynthesis SOS Response, Genetics drug effects Sigma Factor biosynthesis Virulence Virulence Factors genetics Virulence Factors metabolism Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology Catechin analogs & derivatives Cell Membrane Permeability drug effects Citric Acid pharmacology Escherichia coli O157 metabolism Shiga Toxin 1 biosynthesis Shiga Toxin 2 biosynthesis
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article Language: English [Lett Appl Microbiol] 2018 Nov; Vol. 67 (5), pp. 435-441. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2018 Oct 03. MeSH Terms: Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology ; Catechin / analogs & derivatives ; Cell Membrane Permeability / drug effects ; Citric Acid / pharmacology ; Escherichia coli O157 / metabolism ; Shiga Toxin 1 / biosynthesis ; Shiga Toxin 2 / *biosynthesis ; Animals ; Bacterial Proteins / biosynthesis ; Catechin / pharmacology ; Escherichia coli O157 / genetics ; Escherichia coli O157 / pathogenicity ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / drug effects ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Porins / biosynthesis ; Rec A Recombinases / biosynthesis ; SOS Response, Genetics / drug effects ; Sigma Factor / biosynthesis ; Virulence ; Virulence Factors / genetics ; Virulence Factors / metabolism Grant Information: 2017YFC1600103 National Key R&D Program of China; 31471660 National Natural Science Foundation of China Contributed Indexing: Keywords: EGCG; Escherichia coli O157:H7; citric acid; membrane permeability; toxin expression Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Anti-Bacterial Agents) ; 0 (Bacterial Proteins) ; 0 (OmpC protein) ; 0 (Porins) ; 0 (Shiga Toxin 1) ; 0 (Shiga Toxin 2) ; 0 (Sigma Factor) ; 0 (Virulence Factors) ; 0 (sigma factor KatF protein, Bacteria) ; 2968PHW8QP (Citric Acid) ; 8R1V1STN48 (Catechin) ; BQM438CTEL (epigallocatechin gallate) ; EC 2.7.7.- (Rec A Recombinases) Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20180802 Date Completed: 20181211 Latest Revision: 20191210 Update Code: 20231215

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Influences of epigallocatechin gallate and citric acid on Escherichia coli O157:H7 toxin gene expression and virulence-associated stress response.